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No. 607,909. Patented July 26, I898. E. L. ASHLEY.

TACK FASTENED BUTTON.

(Application filed July 9, 1897.)

(No Model.)

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EDIVARDIL. ASHLEY, OF WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE SCOVILL MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

TACK FASTEN E BUTTON.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 607,909, dated July 26, 1898. Application filed July 9, 1897. Serial No. 643,996. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD L. ASHLEY, a. citizen of the United States, residin g at Waterbury, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Tack-Fastened Buttons, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to that class of buttons in which the device used for fastening the button to a garment is a tack, which tack has its point upset or clenched within an an vil or clenching-piece, which forms a part of the button-head. In such buttons a shank or hub or other spacing device is employed for elevating the button-head a sufficient distance from the garment to receive the buttonhole or suspcnder-tab or other object which it is desired to fasten by means of the button.

Such shanks, hubs, or spacers have been made and applied in a variety of ways; but ordinarily the anvil and the shank, hub, or spacer are more or less intimately united. Of course the greater the number of parts to 2 5 be assembled in so small an object as a button the less economically in point of time and labor may such button be produced; and,

again, the union of the several parts must be rigid, or, in any event, an absolutely secure one, in order to prevent the dismemberment of the button in handling or in applying it to a garment, and since buttons are produced inenorinous quantities and largely by automatic machinery it becomes a matter of considerable moment to the manufacturerto be assured that his product shall stand the rough.-

est handling to which it may be exposed by both skilled and unskilled operatives. In

view of these facts I combine in my invention 0 the anvil and the spacer, hub, or shank in one integral piece and adapt the same to be rigidly applied to the collet or back of a button in a simple'and expeditious manner and with such a degree of certainty as to greatly mini- 5 mize the liability of defective buttons being produced or passing inspection.

My invention consists in a button having an anvil and a hub, shank, or spacer made of and finally claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating myinvention, in the several figures of which like parts are similarly designated, Figure l is a'half-section. and elevation of'the first treatment of the blank. Fig. 2 is a half-section and elevation of the blank with its closed end drawn up. Fig. 3 is a half-section and elevation of the combined anvil and spacer ready for insertion in the collet or back of the button. Fig. 4 is a cross-section with the collet or back and the combined anvil and spacer assembled in position to be united. Fig. 5 is a cross-section showing the collet or back and the combined anvil and spacer 6 5 united and ready to receive the face-plate or cover of thebutton. Fig. 6 is a cross-section of the finished covered or closed-face button tacked to a piece of fabric and illustrating the mode of application of the invention.

"In carrying out my invention I take a blank of suitable shape and from it form a cup, as shown at a in Fig. 1, the same being a tube having one end closed and the other open and with parallel side walls. This blank may be made of steel or other suitable metal.

The closed end of the said blank is then drawn up, as shown at b, and of a less diameter than the remainder of the cup. Thisportion b is subsequently utilized as the anvil. The open end is then flared outwardly, and the edge of such open end is inturned to form the elevated washer c, which contains the central opening d for the passage of the tack or other fastening medium through the fabric and into the anvil. The lateral spreadin g of the Walls of the open end, as at 6, makes an extended foot or base for the button, and when assembled in a button-head the portions 0 and c, which are outside of the back of the button,constitute the shank, hub,or spacer, as clearly illustrated in Figs. 5 and (5.. The collet or back fof the button-head and the combined anvil and spacer are assembled as in Fig. 4,

and then by longitudinal pressure the crown 9 5' b is flattened out or depressed, as in Figs. 5

and 6, so as to spread it laterally and provide a circumferential depression g, in which rests the edges of the opening in the center of the collet or back in such manner that the collet or back and the combined anvil and washer may not be readily separated. As is obvious, the lateral swell of the crown or anvil proper prevents displacement of the button-head in the direction of the said anvil or crown and the flare of the foot prevents displacement in that direction.

As illustrated in Fig. 6, the tackh is driven point foremost through the fabric and into the anvil, and its point is upset or clenched or broken down and forms a knob which rests upon the inturned edges of the washer c, this anvil itself or the head thereof having no function in the final union of the upset end of the fastening and the button, and in this respect differing from those anvils which have a chambered head, in which the point of the tack is upset and confined; and in this connection I wish to observe that I am aware that I am not the first to construct a combined anvil and shank, but I am the first to .construct a combined anvil and shank in which the shank has an inturned lower edge which forms a washer and which receives the overturned, upset, or clenched point of the tack and forms an anchorage therefor.

I have shown my'invention as applied to a closed-face button; but I wish to be understood as not limiting my invention to that particular kind of button, as it is obvious that it is equally applicable to open-face buttons.

Some among other advantages of my invention are that by means thereof I may produce economically and easily a receiving-chamber for the tack which is of uniform and exact size and shape; also, by it there is an absolute certainty of the combination of the external shank, hub, or spacer and the internal anvil or turning portion; also, by it the assembling of the parts of the button is greatly facilitated, and, finally, there is a saving of one part as compared with those buttons in which the anvil and the shank, hub, or spacer are separate structures subsequently united when applied to a button-head.

What I claim is 1. A button, having an anvil or tack-pointturning medium, and a hub, shank or spacer provided with an inturned bottom edge, which constitutes a washer, the anvi1,hub and washer being constructed as a single piece, and compressed longitudinally and thereby united with the button-head, substantially as and an inturned bottom extending inwardly toward the anvil, and having a central opening which forms the seat or anchorage for the upset end of the fastening, said anvil and spacer being made of one integral piece, substantially as described.

4. A combined anvil and shank for tackfastened buttons, made of a single piece, having an inturned lower edge which forms a washer to receive the upset end of the tack, substantially as described.

5. A button, provided with a combined anvil and spacer having an open end which extends outside of the back of the button and has its edge turned inwardly, substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

6. A button, having a single-piece anvil or tack-point-turning device, the lower edge of which is inturned so as to reduce the tackreceiving chamber, said inturned edge form- 7 ing an anchorage for the clenched or upset point of the tack, substantially as set forth. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 7th day of July, A. D. 1897. EDWVARD L. ASHLEY. Witnesses:

T. R. HYDE, J12, HENRY FEI-IL. 

